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October 23, 2024 General, Security, Technology Comments Off on VU#123336: Vulnerable WiFi Alliance example code found in Arcadyan FMIMG51AX000J

VU#123336: Vulnerable WiFi Alliance example code found in Arcadyan FMIMG51AX000J

Overview
A command injection vulnerability has been identified in the Wi-Fi Test Suite, a tool developed by the WiFi Alliance, which has been found deployed on Arcadyan routers. This flaw allows an unauthenticated local attacker to exploit the Wi-Fi Test Suite by sending specially crafted packets, enabling the execution of arbitrary commands with root privileges on the affected routers.
Description
The Wi-Fi Test Suite, as described by its developer, was originally created by the Wi-Fi Alliance—a global non-profit industry association responsible for Wi-Fi standards—to support the development of certification programs and device certification. This software was not designed for use in production environments. However, it has been discovered in commercial router deployments, exposing a vulnerbility in the test code in production. The Wi-Fi Test Suite contains vulnerable code that is susceptible to command injection attacks. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted packets to a device running the Wi-Fi Test Suite, allowing them to execute commands with administrative (root) privileges.
CVE-2024-41992
It is possible for an unauthenticated local attacker to use specially crafted packets to execute commands as root.
Impact
An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain full administrative control over the affected device. With this access, the attacker can modify system settings, disrupt critical network services, or reset the device entirely. These actions can result in service interruptions, compromise of network data, and potential loss of service for all users dependent on the affected network.
Solution
The CERT/CC recommends that vendors, who have included the Wi-Fi Test Suite, to update it to version >=9.0 or remove it entirely from production devices to reduce the risk of exploitation.
Acknowledgements
Thanks to the reporter Noam Rathaus from SSD Disclosure. This document was written by Timur Snoke.

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October 17, 2022 General Comments Off on VU#730793: Heimdal Kerbos vulnerable to remotely triggered NULL pointer dereference

VU#730793: Heimdal Kerbos vulnerable to remotely triggered NULL pointer dereference

Overview
The Heimdal Software Kerberos 5 implementation is vulnerable to a null pointer dereferance. An attacker with network access to an application that depends on the vulnerable code path can cause the application to crash.
Description
A flawed logical condition allows a malicious actor to remotely trigger a NULL pointer dereference using a crafted negTokenInit token.
Impact
An attacker can use a specially crafted network packet to cause a vulnerable application to crash.
Solution
The latest version of code in the Heimdal master branch fixes the issue. However, the current stable release 7.7.0 does not include the fix.
Acknowledgements
Thanks to the International Continence Society for reporting this issue.
This document was written by Kevin Stephens.

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August 11, 2022 General Comments Off on VU#309662: Signed third party UEFI bootloaders are vulnerable to Secure Boot bypass

VU#309662: Signed third party UEFI bootloaders are vulnerable to Secure Boot bypass

Overview
A security feature bypass vulnerability exists in signed 3rd party UEFI bootloaders that allows bypass of the UEFI Secure Boot feature. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can bypass the UEFI Secure Boot feature and execute unsigned code during the boot process.
Description
UEFI firmware is software written by vendors in the UEFI ecosystem to provide capabilities in the early start up phases of a computer. Secure Boot is a UEFI standard that can be enabled and used to verify firmware and to protect a system against malicious code being loaded and executed early in the boot process, prior to the loading of the operating system.
Security researchers at Eclypsium have found three specific UEFI bootloaders that are signed and authenticated by Microsoft to be vulnerable to a security feature bypass vulnerability allowing an attacker to bypass Secure Boot when it is enabled. The vulnerable bootloaders can be tricked to bypass Secure Boot via a custom installer (CVE-2022-34302) or an EFI shell (CVE-2022-34301 and CVE-2022-34303). As a vulnerable bootloader executes unsigned code prior to initialization of the the Operating System’s (OS) boot process, it cannot be easily monitored by the OS or common Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools.
The following vendor-specific bootloaders were found vulnerable:
Inherently vulnerable bootloader to bypass Secure BootNew Horizon Datasys Inc (CVE-2022-34302)

UEFI Shell execution to bypass Secure BootCryptoPro Secure Disk (CVE-2022-34301)
Eurosoft (UK) Ltd (CVE-2022-34303)

Impact
An attacker can bypass a system’s Secure Boot feature at startup and execute arbitrary code before the operating system (OS) loads. Code executed in these early boot phases can provide persistence to an attacker, potentially loading arbitrary kernel extensions that survive both reboot and re-installation of an OS. It may also evade common OS-based and EDR security defenses.
Solution
Apply a patch
Apply your vendor-provided security updates that address these vulnerabilities to block vulnerable firmware from bypassing Secure Boot. Microsoft has provided details with their KB5012170 article released on August 9th 2022. Note, these updates can be delivered from your OEM vendor or the OS vendor to install an updated Secure Boot Forbidden Signature Database (DBX) .
Enterprise and Product Developers
As DBX file changes can cause a system to become unstable, Vendors are urged to verify the DBX updates do not cause the machine to be unusable. Enterprises and Cloud Providers that manage large number of computers are also urged to do the required security updates and ensure DBX files are implemented reliably without any risk of boot failure.
Acknowledgements
Thanks to Mickey Shkatov and Jesse Michael of Eclypsium who researched and reported these vulnerabilities.
This document was written by Brad Runyon & Vijay Sarvepalli.

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